“Judge” is only capitalized when it is used preceding the name of a judge or when it is used in the context of direct address.
EXAMPLES:
Did you hear the judge say we can take a recess?
May we take a recess, Judge?
Did Judge Jones say we can take a recess?

The word “court” is capitalized when it refers to the judge who is presiding over a case, or when it is used to refer to the citing of a superior court.
EXAMPLES:
The Supreme Court overturned the case.
The Court will make a decision today.
May it please the Court to grant us a recess.
He had to go to court.